The identities shaped by online games -- World of Warcraft Dissertation

The personalities molded by web based games - World of Warcraft - Dissertation Example The rise of online personalities is certifiably not a totally new idea. Individuals have been making open characters to accomplish objectives all through human presence (Wallen 1998, p. 52). In any case, the idea of the online persona is to some degree interesting in that it is finished with the aim of speaking to a ‘otherness’ through character and aptitudes that would not be conceivable in reality. Investigating the idea of this creation accommodates a more prominent comprehension of the idea of character. Watslawik and Born (2007, p. 2) express that â€Å"ego psychoanalytical hypothesis puts the person inside a pretty much supporting social setting, as appear differently in relation to the more confrontive perspective on old style hypothesis wherein the individual is considered more to be challenging society†. The idea of human collaboration, as per Erikson’s hypothesis, is in discovering networks in which sustain is the essential advantage. While an ind ividual looks for a network where shared qualities and convictions are experienced, or on account of game play, shared objectives, in the long run it is the feeling of support that is constructed that will give the fascination in a network (Watslawik and Born 2007). The accompanying writing survey will concentrate on the way of life as it is situated in an online domain as a made and semi-controlled element. This will be talked about through the made and controlled angle, just as how that control isn't finished as the social dynamic and the genuine qualities start to come through to the online personality. Symbol as it Becomes Part of the Community Individual and the Avatar The idea of character is the aftereffect of a strain among congruity and independence. In trying to discover a character, the individual must discover a situation between these two oppositional powers so as to discover both acknowledgment and individuation. This wonder makes an inside clash inside which the indiv idual tries to discover a feeling of self and the acknowledgment of self by the network (Jackson 1984, p. 203). Through after gathering standards, the individual looks to discover constructive association inside the setting of gathering distinguishing proof and individual separation. The feeling of self is characterized through social personalities that are developed through gathering practices and mentalities, with the individual character advancing through discernments and assessments of social circumstances (Korostelina 2007, p. 36). Human presence has been confined through the arrangement of character inside the idea of race. As per Smedley (1998), the idea of race as a distinguishing factor has just developed since the seventeenth century. Before that time culture and connection were the manners by which individuals were gathered. Where previously, occupation and city of inception distinguished a person in an ethnic manner, the possibility of physical contrasts having the abili ty to educate the personality is moderately new. In the round of World of Warcraft, real species contrasts are created in which race turns into a significant part of the personality of the character (Hammer and Kellner 2009, p. 597). In picking a race, the player makes the underlying advance towards making a relationship inside the game. Be that as it may,

Big Bang Essay Research Paper The OriginSome free essay sample

Huge explosion Essay, Research Paper The Beginning Somewhere in the range of 12 billion mature ages back the presence rose up out of a hot, substantial ocean of issue and vitality. As the universe extended and cooled, it produced systems, stars, planets and life. Since the start of human civilisation, individuals have ever scrutinized the beginnings of their being and the inventive movement of the presence. Cosmology, the logical review of the huge graduated table development and advancement of the presence, has created and advanced because of the human interest to cognize our foundations ( Silk, Big Bang 1980 456 ) . We will compose a custom article test on Huge explosion Essay Research Paper The OriginSome or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Inside in this field of review, the Big Bang hypothesis has become the most overall hypothesis, on the grounds that the majority of grounds from a variety of various tests make it almost certain that something like the Big Bang happened. The Big Bang hypothesis of cosmology accept that the universe started from an exceptional area of limitless thickness. As Joseph Silk characterizes the Big Bang hypothesis, it is a hypothetical record of the presence where space-time started with an underlying uniqueness and later grows ( Silk, Cosmic Enigmas 56 ) . The hypothesis preeminent referenced in Alexander Friedmann # 8217 ; s complete arrangement of Albert Einstein # 8217 ; s conditions, in 1922. In 1927, Georges Lemaitre utilized conditions to develop a cosmogonic hypothesis that fused the build that the presence has been spread trip from a touchy moment of inventive action. In any case, the term # 8220 ; Big Bang, # 8221 ; as a name for the underlying cataclysmal occasion, was picked by two work powers named George Gamow and R.A. Alpher because of their find of foundation radiation, a low-temperature radiation that infiltrates the presence at microwave frequencies ( 58 ) . Its start is presently accepted to hold been the profoundly hot bolide with which the presence started, fitting to the Big Bang hypothesis. Since its underlying presentation, much grounds has assisted with augmenting its occasion, and different speculations have been added to it, for example, the Inflationary hypothesis. This hypothesis looks to represent the physical occasions which took topographic point in the extremely first minutes of imaginative movement. So, the Big Bang hypothesis is one which joins different speculations in its push to explain the advancement of the presence. In spite of the fact that much grounds underpins, the Big Bang hypothesis, there are still requests which stay unreciprocated. Different speculations that endeavor to explain the start of the universe exist, yet the Big Bang hypothesis has become the standard hypothetical record by which others are estimated. The historical backdrop of the Big Bang and cosmology was conceived when Albert Einstein built up his General Theory of Relativity in 1915, and his first cosmogonic paper in 1917, when Einstein endeavored to do the conditions of relativity fit along with an inappropriate conviction that the presence was steady and dormant, with no get bringing down nor a terminal ( Monsters 103 ) . Einstein # 8217 ; s hypothesis of gravity of room like natural structures, general relativity, has recognized attractive energy with the arch of room time, the 4-dimensional complex that comprises of the three limitless measurements joined with cut ( Silk, Big Bang 1980 13 ) . Any occasion can be portrayed in footings of its way and area in space-time. In impossible to miss, the noticeable radiation from far off systems coherently follows the most brief conceivable way, called a geodesic. The mode by which one thinks back in cut is by geodesics ; worlds are about like clasp machines, with the obvious radia tion from most removed cosmic systems experiencing space-time since before the Earth was even framed, 4.6 billion mature ages prior. The most far off universes are a ways off of 10 billion light mature ages, in a general sense providing a think back in clasp of 10 billion light mature ages each piece great. Einstein # 8217 ; s hypothesis of relativity got strong check in 1919, when the twist of obvious radiation from far off stars by the Sun was estimated during a whole occultation. The cosmogonic findings of Einstein # 8217 ; s hypothesis of relativity started to have concentrated investigation. The idea of the Big thump and a spread trip presence which tested Einstein # 8217 ; s thought of a dormant and perpetual presence, came essentially from a Russian meteorologist, Alexander Friedmann, and a Belgian churchman and mathematician, Georges Lemaitre. The readiness and expectation of a Big Bang represent the presence was solitary on the grounds that both work powers defined that hypothesis of cosmology with no relentless test reason for cosmopolitan augmentation ( Silk, Big Bang 1980 15 ) . Both work powers, in various mature ages, freely found the answers for Einstein # 8217 ; s conditions of gravity which depicted a spread trip presence, throwing Einstein # 8217 ; s cosmogonic constan t and his perceptual experience of an inert presence. Friedmann, in 1922, and Lemaitre, in 1927, showed that the presence could be in an enormous scope augmentation. To keep away from surrender, the amplification of the presence adjusted gravitative alluring power. The broadening could either go on everlastingly, or at long last change by inversion into a phase of constriction. A guideline reason of their hypothesis was that the issue substance of the presence suggested that vast was non needfully Euclidean or reporter to the two-dimensionality of a plane in a planar similarity, however could be bended like the outside of a circle ( with a positive ebb and flow ) or a hyperboloid ( negative ebb and flow ) ( Silk Cosmic Enigmas 13 ) . Since the outside of an area is shut and limited while a hyperboloid is detached and unending, it very well may be surmised that a presence with high undertaking thickness ought to be shut, limited, emphatically bended and ought to at long last fall in, while a universe with low issue thickness ought to be loosened, unbounded, and contrarily bended, spread trip inconclusively ( 14 ) . Edwin Hubble, an observed American uranologist of the 1920 # 8217 ; s, found an added substance connection between separation to an inaccessible cosmic system and its red-move in 1929 which gave energizing grounds back uping the idea of the ever spread trip presence which originated from the Friedmann-Lemaitre hypothetical record. Hubble s find was affected well by crafted by a Dutch uranologist, William de Sitter, who in 1917 estimated that the presence had the inquisitive assets that the obvious radiation from the most inaccessible parts turned out to be progressively blushed as the separation expanded. Hubble # 8217 ; s red-move is because of a Doppler dislodging of obvious radiation from a world which is pulling back. This clarifies the separation of cosmic systems from us is directly comparative with their red-move and henceforth straightly corresponding to their near speed of downturn ( Silk, Big Bang 1989 374 ) . So generally, cosmic systems and natural structures that are twi ce as a long way from us than another, travel twice as quick. This idea demonstrates that it has taken each cosmic system a similar total of clasp to go from a typical purpose of starting to its present spot, any place that may be. The term # 8220 ; Big Bang # 8221 ; for these speculations was begat by the Russian conceived U.S. nuclear physicist George Gamow in 1946. He was perhaps the most grounded advocator for this hypothesis for the innovative movement of the presence, back uping crafted by Einstein, Friedmann, Lemaitre, and Hubble ( Peebles 1 ) . Gamow endeavored to explain the conveyance of compound components all through the presence through a self-created atomic response. He other than suggested that in the start of the Big Bang, the presence comprised of a native substance called ylem. This ylem was a gas of neutrons which was at profoundly high temperatures rising above 10 billion evaluations. Since the neutrons existed in this # 8220 ; free # 8221 ; area, they started breaking down into protons, negatrons, and neutrinos. The outcome was a bubbling ocean of neutrons and protons which combined to compose heavier and heavier components. In Gamow # 8217 ; s perceptual experience, the entirety of the com ponents in the full presence shaped in this mode during the most punctual 20 proceedingss of the Big Bang. This theory, attempting to represent the start of He and H in the presence, was presented by Gamow and his life partner, Ralph Alpher in 1948 ( Eldredge 355 ) . At that point in a subsequent paper, Gamow and Alpher composed that after the presence was made in an incredible passionate explosion, as the presence extended, the radiation would non hold endured however would hold been consistently weakened. This would explain the vital chilling of the presence. Be that as it may, the vast majority of import bit of this second paper was the expectation of foundation radiation, a touchable insight to the existent Big Bang. In spite of the fact that in the 1940 # 8217 ; s there was no mechanical way to watch such a swoon luminosity, researchers of ulterior decennaries would have the option to turn out what Gamow had guessed ( 363 ) . As cosmology and the Big Bang hypothesis picked up acknowledgment by mainstream researchers, strong, logical grounds was discovered which upheld the Big Bang and Gamow # 8217 ; s hypothesis of foundation radiation. In the spring of 1964, Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson, two research laborers at Bell Laboratories, while mensurating commotion degrees from the sky, suddenly found a sign of microwave radiation which had a temperature likeness about 3.5 evaluations Kelvin ( Smoot 81 ) . The sign was originating from all waies of the sky. The record for this sign was that it was a detecting of remainder radiation from the innovative movement of the presence, the Big Bang. This choice was reached on account of the isotropic and dark body nature of this radiation. Since isotropic m

Corrections Accreditation and Privatization Essay

â€Å"Corrections accreditation is expected to improve office tasks through adherence to clear measures pertinent to all zones/activities of the office, including wellbeing, security, request, detainee care, projects, equity, and administration† (â€Å"American Correctional Association†, n.d.). Experiencing these sorts of procedures can be extremely advantageous to a revisions officer’s advancement. Experiencing these methods, the experience will help them in keeping and keeping up an expert standpoint in any circumstance. Restorative offices are furnished with officials who are prepared to protect everyone in the earth, however to keep up security and request consistently. These officials should be proficient similarly as any other person would in any situation inside a vocation. Their advancement lies in improving their point of view and their aptitude at the specific employment when essential and changes happen consistently. Industry pioneers can roll out great improvements while employing prison guards. A decent way basically being when employing staff, there is no resilience for criminal operations. Making enhancements in their preparation programs, if need be. Notwithstanding those, redesigning the office with better measures similar to security. Everything secured while being evaluated can have any kind of effect to getting ready for better future results. Detainment facilities for quite a while have been managing not just major monetary circumstances in neighborhood, state, and national governments, yet packing too is an immense concern. â€Å"Privatization as it alludes to penitentiaries is to both the takeover of existing open offices by private administrators, and to the structure and activity of new and extra detainment facilities by revenue driven jail companies† (Cheung, 2004). Because of the ascending in state and government populace it is a worry to think about the inside and out expenses of imprisonment, activity and the executives. It appears just as state and government detainment facilities have to a greater degree an expert practice, while a private establishment may endure on account of requests, increasing costs, conditions (contingent upon area), and so on

Clueless

As a senior, I realized it was time to make one of the biggest decisions of my life, but I was absolutely clueless. My friends were applying to schools like Tufts and Berkeley, while the only planning I had done was for the upcoming weekend. I wasn’t ready for college. I was scared and didn’t know what to do.My parents agreed that I was clueless. â€Å"Maybe you should go to prep school for an additional year,† my mother suggested. Prep school? Was she crazy? I wasn’t the greatest student, but I couldn’t go to a prep school. I thought that was for stupid kids, kids who don’t get good jobs or succeed in life. My grandfather, who recently passed on, has been the greatest influence on my life. I knew that he graduated from a top college, Bowdoin, but what I didn’t know was that he got in after attending prep school. I realized this was my best bet, but feared finding the perfect school would be difficult.Then, I heard about New Hampton Sc hool from a friend and decided to visit. I was blown away and immediately felt comfortable. I became hesitant to visit other schools because I couldn’t imagine any other would be as nurturing as New Hampton. The staff gave me a warm, fuzzy feeling, which meant a lot to a kid from a small town. Even though I’m a senior, I will be able to better prepare myself for college at New Hampton School. I feel the staff will help me get that extra boost, that extra year of development, to ensure I will be ready for college. Then I’ll go.

Essay on Organizational behavior - 809 Words

To help us understand organizations, we might consider them as political systems. The political metaphor helps us understand power relationships in day-to-day organizational relationships. If we accept that power relations exist in organizations, then politics and politicking are an essential part of organizational life. Politics is a means of recognizing and, ultimately, reconciling competing interests within the organization. Competing interests can be reconciled by any number of means. For example, resorting to quot;rule by the managerquot; might be seen as an example of totalitarian rule. On the other hand, politics may be a means of creating a noncoercive, or a democratic work environment. As mentioned, organizations need†¦show more content†¦Consistent with Aristotles conceptualization, it is a given that, within the organization, all employees bring their own interests, wants, desires, and needs to the workplace. Organizational decision-making and problem- solving, while seemingly a rational process, is also a political process. Organizational actors seek to satisfy not only organizational interests, but also their own wants and needs; driven by self-interest. Regardless of the degree to which employees may be committed to the organizations objectives, there can be little doubt that, at least occasionally, personal interests will be incongruent with those of the organization. Organizational politics arises when people think differently and want to act differently. The tension created by this diversity can resolved by political means. In an autocratic organization, resolution comes through the directive: quot;Well do it my way!quot;. The democratic organization seeks to resolve this diversity of interests by asking: quot;How shall we do it?quot; By whatever means an organization resolves this diversity, alternative approaches generally hinge on the power relations between the actors involved. According to Farrell and Peterson(Farrell and Peterson, 1982), the successful practice of organizational politics is perceived to lead to a higher level of power, and once a higher level of power is attained, there is more opportunity to engage in political behavior The use of political tactics inShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Citizenship Behavior4841 Words   |  20 PagesTable of contents: Page # 1. Literature Review 1 1.1. What are Organizational Citizenship Behaviors (OCBs) 1 1.2. OCB and its link with Organization 3 1.3. How OCB’s are exhibited by employees 4 1.4. Importance of OCB 5 1.5. Effect of OCB on employees 6 2. Introduction to Organization 6 2.1. Allied Bank Limited 7 2.2. Meezan Bank Limited 7 2.3. First Women’s Bank 7 2.4. MCB 7 3. Findings and resultsRead MoreOrganizational Behavior1284 Words   |  6 PagesBachelor of Business Administration (Hons) Course Title : Organizational Behavior Course Code : BUS 250 Year of Study : 2 Number of Credits : 3 credits Duration in Weeks : 12 weeks Contact Hours Per Week : 3 hours Pre-requisite Course(s) : BUS 120 Principles and Practice of Management Course Aims The course provides students with a conceptual and a pragmatic approach to understand the employees’ behavior in the organization. This course equips students with the knowledgeRead MoreOrganizational Behavior1387 Words   |  6 PagesOrganizational Behavior Michael J. Bonnie CJA444 June 5, 2014 Eddie Gordon Organizational Behavior Organizational behavior is the study of how employee’s behavior interacts within an agency’s work environment. It includes many subjects which include sociology, communication, psychology, and management. Its primary purpose is to review and report in the ever expanding study in criminal justice organizational behavior areas in the workforce. This discussion focuses on the forces of change andRead MoreEssay Organizational Behavior1057 Words   |  5 PagesOrganizational Behavior Organizational behavior: Organizational behavior refers to the attitudes and behavior of the individuals in the organization. Organizational behavior is a inter-disciplinary field of study that draws from many of the behavioral sciences. The goal of organizational behavior is to apply the concepts from the other behavioral sciences to pressing problems that management may be facing, as well as applying organizational behavior to the administrative theory and practicesRead MoreOrganizational Behavior And Human Behavior1217 Words   |  5 PagesOrganizational behavior studies the impact of groups, individuals, and structures have on the personal human behavior within many organizations. There is many different definitions of organizational behavior, but they are all relatively the same in all cases. â€Å"Organizational behavior studies organizations from multiple viewpoints, including behavior within the organization and in relation to other organizations (Boundless.com).† This is not just the study o n one organization, but the study withinRead MoreOrganizational Behavior : Organization Behavior2093 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction Organization behavior is the study and application of information regarding how an individual or group of people within an organization behaves. According to John Schermerhorn author of the book Organizational Behavior Twelfth Edition, organizational behavior is the key characteristic used to maintain and enhance interaction levels amongst employees within a company (Schermerhorn, 2011). There are additional characteristics such as leadership, openness to confer in relation to issuesRead MoreOrganizational Behavior And Organizational Behaviour1644 Words   |  7 PagesThe above drawn figure shows about organisational behaviour. It highlights the bonding among human behaviour in organizational settings, the individual - organization interface, the organization, the environment surrounding the organization. In an organization each and every individual brings its own experience, managerial and effective skills. Classical Organizational theory:- Popovich (2010) said that in this theory, the concentration mainly goes in how an organization can be structured inRead MoreOrganizational behavior1577 Words   |  7 PagesOrganizational Behavior: An Analysis of Helm Fire and Rescue Company Introduction Organizational Behavior is referred to as the study of individuals and their relative behavior subject to the existing organizational environment. The concept applies in a diverse workplace setting in different ways and had diverse impacts to the organization. Organizational behavior field includes communication, sociology, psychology, and management. The concept is subject to both internal and external factors affectingRead MoreOrganizational Behavior5621 Words   |  23 PagesChapter 1 - The Field of Organizational Behavior Multiple Choice Questions 1. Pharmacia is an example of a company that: a. experienced culture clashes as a result of a merger. b. ignored technological advances to its harm. c. is a great employer in terms of human resources, but an unprofitable company. d. focused on balance sheets rather than human resources. Answer a Page 2 2. _____ is a structured social system consisting of groups and individuals working together toRead MoreOrganizational Behavior And Organisational Behavior2512 Words   |  11 PagesNowadays with the new millennium speeding towards us and competitive advantage more rapidly than ever, organisational behavior is one of the most direct relevance study for deeper understanding of management context. Indeed, it’s about how people organised and managed at work, which contains the study of leadership, motivation and organisational design to examine human behaviour in relation to various psychological, social and political conditions. The purpose of study this subject from regulatory

PG India Supply Chain Analysis - 11039 Words

Supply Chain Strategy, Performance and Risks: Tools and Techniques Introduction â€Å"Our Purpose works to unify us in a common cause and growth strategy. It is powerful because it promotes a simple idea to improve the lives of the world’s consumers every day. Pamp;G grows by touching and improving more consumers’ lives in more parts of the world...more completely.† - Pamp;G â€Å"At Pamp;G, we touch lives in small but meaningful ways. Billions of them. Every day.† Procter amp; Gamble Co. is a multinational corporation that manufactures a wide range of consumer goods. Globally it is one of the largest FMCG companies. Pamp;G entered Indian market four decades ago but still lags HUL and other major players whereas its entry in china has been†¦show more content†¦Indian consumers’ heterogeneity and geographical variance increases the cost of operation and makes product unaffordable to low income consumers in rural markets. Increasing population, demand by the middle class group and rising aspiration levels are the key drivers for growth in the FMCG sector. This presents an enormous opportunity for the FMCG companies to develop new products and innovative ways to bring the products to the consumers while maintaining low prices. Suppliers Manufacturers Major players in FMCG sectors are Hindustan unilever ltd., Procter amp; Gamble, Godrej consumer products, Dabur, Garnier. All these companies have a unique selling proposition targeting a specific segments. eg. Marico operates only in Hair care products, Dabur in ayurved based products. These players command a very high bargaining power because of their size and scale over their suppliers. Also the suppliers are scattered. Distributors Supermarket A number of domestic retailers like Big Bazar, subhiksha, vishal mega mart, reliance fresh, More, Spencer, opened up retail channels in the major urban centres in the last decade. Many foreign retailers like Wal-Mart, Carrefour are exploring options to enter the Indian retail market. Retailers Indian retail industry is characterized by mom and pop stores called kirana stores locally. They operate with 2-3 people in a 100-150 sq foot space in urban and semi-urban areas and kiosk in rural areas. TheseShow MoreRelatedCulture Mistakes by Pizza Hut1311 Words   |  6 Pages2010. Donovan  , R. Michael (2005).  Effective Supply Chain Management (Movahedi et al., 2009, defining supply chain management, evolution of supply chain studies Lambert, 2008) mentioned by Cooper et. al., 1997 Enclyclopedia of e-commerce (2009), definition of supply chain management 2007 – Springer; J Oleskow, M Fertsch, P Golinska, data mining as the efficient tool for the effective supply chain integration LIU.,F; study and explore the supply chain base on CRM, 10 Mar 2011   Tseng, D. S., CoxRead MoreL.L. 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SubhikshaRead MoreKudler Fine Foods: Analysis of the Market Structures and Strategic Planning1079 Words   |  4 PagesAbstract This paper presents an analysis of the market structures, strategic planning, market environment, and internal environment of Kudler Fine Food in order to suggest the best market structure which can be helpful for its long-term profitability and recommend strategies which can make it more competitive and successful among its industry rivals. 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With the increase in exposure of the companies to the global environment, liberal trade policies, business partnerships and virtual proximity between any two locations of the world, supply chain management has become one of the buzz words in this global business envi ronment. Supply chain management is a collaborative effort of multiple channel members to design, implement andRead MoreProctor and Gamble Innovations1550 Words   |  7 PagesGENERAL PROBLEM STATEMENT Can Proctor and Gamble survive and prosper by reinventing existing products in environment that requires new innovations? And will PG be able to meet their target of 50% of the market share in each segment? ANALYSIS General Environment Which of the general environment segments are most relevant to the consumer products industry? What are the main opportunities and threats affecting the company? Demographics— Proctor and Gamble is one of the largest consumerRead MoreBig Bazar Price Control on Customer Demand1735 Words   |  7 PagesExamine the strategy you will adopt in retail chain business (Big Bazaar). Answer: As a retail manager in Big Bazar we need to understand the organized retail and how we operate in India along with the SWOT analysis, Then I will look for the Price mix and factors related to this. What is Big Bazar and why it is like this :- Basically Big bazaar is designed as an agglomeration of Bazar or Indian Market with cluster offering wide range . The SWOT analysis of Big Bazar help me better making my strategyRead MoreBig Bazar Price Control on Customer Demand1727 Words   |  7 PagesExamine the strategy you will adopt in retail chain business (Big Bazaar). Answer: As a retail manager in Big Bazar we need to understand the organized retail and how we operate in India along with the SWOT analysis, Then I will look for the Price mix and factors related to this. What is Big Bazar and why it is like this :- Basically Big bazaar is designed as an agglomeration of Bazar or Indian Market with cluster offering wide range . The SWOT analysis of Big Bazar help me better making my strategyRead MoreProcter and Gamble Research4620 Words   |  19 PagesIB Dream Company PROJECT – PG March 1, 2012 Group 21 1 IB Dream Company PROJECT – PG March 1, 2012 Group 21 2 A Humble Beginning . . . roctor Gamble was born in 1837 by the collaboration or William Proctor, a candle maker and James Gamble, a soap maker. They started this partnership at the suggestion of their common father-in-law Alexander Norris. After 175 years, PG is one of the consumer goods company in the world. It features in the Fortune 500 list and recorded sales of $82.6 billionRead MoreProcter Gamble Case Study4269 Words   |  18 Pagesare fundamental values that drive the day-to-day working methods and decision-making of Pamp;G, and are enforced by a code of ethics that ensures a high standard of quality and morals. Pamp;G enjoys the opportunities that are brought about by the eradication of trade barriers, improvements and developments in Internet and IT, as well as new, emerging and expanding markets and types of consumers. However, Pamp;G must accept challenges in regards to product stagnation, unsafe product ingredients,

The Importance of Learning the History of History free essay sample

This paper is meant to focus on the importance of the facts and history that lead up to, and surround the history of a major historical event. It will show that there is more meaning to an event such as the Vietnam War if you are able to understand the culture, beliefs, and impacts that surround Vietnam prior to the war. This will allow for a better understanding of why a war took place and how it affected those who lived in the country at that time. It is also important to know where to look to gain this information. First you must make sure all information that you are researching is coming from reliable sources based on facts, not an author’s opinion of the war. This information can be obtained from books based on historic facts, or encyclopedias. It can also be researched via the internet is you are careful and make sure it is a valid source based on facts not opinions. We will write a custom essay sample on The Importance of Learning the History of History or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The importance of learning a nation’s background prior to a major event helps to understand the why of the situation surrounding the event. When it comes to Vietnam and the Vietnam War the history of what the culture and beliefs were played a very important role in what that nation was going through that preempted a war. Using a timeline is a helpful tool as a starting point for research to help find more facts on the country and its background. An article that was found to provide a good starting point timeline was titled Vietnam Timeline found using EBSCOhost. â€Å"The article presents a calendar of historical events in Vietnam from 1940 to 2006† (International Debates, 2006). Not only is it important to know the history of Vietnam during this time period to better understand the war, but it is also essential to know what was going on in the world around them at the same time. All things that affect the nations in general are important facts to understand such as foreign trade relations, independence, communism, and threats of suppression of cultures. By learning and understanding these facts you can understand how all participants involved in the war were brought into play and what was at stake for all of them. Every side has something to gain and something to lose when it comes to initiating and involving oneself into war. There are a lot of opinions and reasons tossed around every day about the Vietnam War especially when it comes to the involvement of the United States. This is why it is even more important to learn factual information to be able to learn about the war and the effects it made on all countries involved. Another article that was found via the internet was on the background of Vietnam history and the current day effects since the war. This article discusses how Vietnam was always a family based agricultural country with very strong family roots. The article explains the different agrarian reforms that were implemented in Vietnam that proved to change over and again the ways of the Vietnamese people. The author starts by explaining how the Vietnamese people’s way of tight nit family farming was interrupted and changed with different reforms that at times suppressed the values of their way of life. In the end he discusses how changes made through the years after the war have not only improved the life of the Vietnamese by keeping their way of living and farming intact, but how it has impacted them and other nations as an export asset. According to Dao the Taun (2007), Vietnam has become one the biggest exporters of rice, cashews, and coffee around the world. In conclusion, when learning about a major event in history, it is important to learn as much history around the history as possible. This helps give us a better more in depth knowledge of the event such as the Vietnam War. When we know the background and culture of the people involved and the happenings in the world around them we can better interpret the reasons that surround the war. One must also be cautious when finding information to make sure you are reading factual information and not opinions that can be misleading and cause you to draw a biased opinion on the event at hand.

Understanding of Primate Socioecology

Introduction Hominin reveals an evolutionary change in the understanding of what it means to be human and to be other species such as the common chimpanzee and Bonobo. This study is dictated by the large number of living groups both males and females, with the main intention of establishing how their social relationships vary between themselves and other species.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Understanding of Primate Socioecology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In fact, recent studies show that this variation is not only found in the grouping patterns of different species, but also within species and sometimes in groups of the same local population (Boyd and Silk 124). The aim of this paper is to reconstruct a socioecology of hominin concerning the latest findings from the species of Praeanthropus Dimorphicus and the species of Praeanthropus Monomorphicus. This will help in developing a deeper understanding of primate socioecology. The two species (Praeanthropus Dimorphicus and Praeanthropus Monomorphicus) show dissimilar features ranging from their teeth structure, weight, and brain size. This demonstrates that the two species are from two different lineages, and possibly different environments. This difference could be linked to different adaptations within different environments. Praeanthropus Dimorphicus species is larger and heavier, while Praeanthropus Monomorphicus, on the other hand, is slightly lighter in weight. The ten male and female adults weigh 135kg and 90kg respectively, which is an indication that these are the large species (adults individuals). Besides, the existence of the zebra and wilder beast in the same environment with the ten adults implies that they have almost the same diet according to their teeth descriptions. Praeanthropus Dimorphicus’ molars have high cusps, shearing crests and thin enamel, and thus, they fall into the group of folivores. These are the leaf eaters or vegetation eaters, but some also fall back to eating flesh, especially the humans. They have great morals for sharing. On the other hand, Praeanthropus Monomorphicus has large, lower rounded cusps with a thick enamel, and this species is the fruit eaters (frugivores). Robert Boyd and Joan B. Silk (31) argue that fruit eaters use their lower cusps, which are adapted for breaking the hard seeds and corns, hence sometime, they feed on vegetation. According to Robert Boyd and Joan B. Silk (2), teeth and mandibles are the best features to study in the fossil record. They can be found many years later because they do not decompose easily, mainly because they are made from hard or dense substance/material, thus predators and scavengers are not able to destroy them because they do not have any meat.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More They are essentials because they tell almost everything about the species. For this case, apart from what we have already discussed above, teeth and mandibles can tell us a lot about the habitation of the two species. Praeanthropus Dimorphicus is a leaf or vegetation eater found in areas, such as savannah. Praeanthropus Monomorphicus is basically a fruit eater that inhabits the dense, rain forests areas. Besides that, the Praeanthropus Dimorphicus and Praeanthropus Monomorphicus are both social animals that live in groups. The zebra and wildebeest are found in larger groups of up to 200 herds. Praeanthropus Monomorphicus is also found in relatively smaller groups. The body size of the ten adults is relatively high with the male species having 135kg and the female species weighing 90kg. A brain is relatively large to the body size; this implies that the species in the question (Praeanthropus Dimorphicus) may have a relatively high IQ as well (Muehlenbein 81). In regards to the Praeanthropus Monomorphicus, the female ind ividuals have a large brain size showing that they are primates, which are mainly found in the tropics. Praeanthropus Monomorphicus can be considered as primates with a small body size with relative small brains. It weighs approximately 60kg, and this means a proportionality of the same level of brain and a relatively low IQ. Praeanthropus Dimorphicus has a larger ranging behavior because the species has to search for pastures in expansive areas, especially in seasons when there is little vegetation in the savannah grassland. As for Praeanthropus Monomorphicus, which are mainly found in the tropics/rain forests, their ranging behavior is relatively low because those areas have a lot of food supply through the year due to the type of climate. Territoriality, the species, Praeanthropus Dimorphicus, has a mild territorial nature because its representatives live in big groups, and there is more than one male to mate the other females. They are also not very repulsive to other animals jo ining the herds. However, for the case of our second species, Praeanthropus Monomorphicus is territorial, and the dominant male is responsible for mating with the females in the group. Conclusion This study is necessary because it gives an unpredictability of social systems among different species. It helps scientifically analyze various associations within this species and between different species. It is also particularly appropriate in investigating the forces that cause the changes in the social organizations and the results of such shifts. It is an informative insight into the observable differences between the different species in terms of their behavior, as well as adaptations.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Understanding of Primate Socioecology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Works Cited Boyd, Robert and Joan B. Silk. How Humans Evolved. 5th edn. New York: W.W. Norton, 2009. Print. Muehlenbein, Michael . Human Evolutionary Biology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010. Print. This essay on Understanding of Primate Socioecology was written and submitted by user Liberty Z. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Essay on War

Essay on War The history of the world comprises a number of wars and the students are required to write essays on war such as essay on civil war, essay on Iraq war, essay on world war, essay on cold war, essay on Vietnam war, essay on world war I, essay on world war II, essay on Korean war, war on terror essay and essay on Spanish American war, etc. For writing essays on war, the students should be well read about the war for which they are writing an essay on war. The essays on war should be informative in terms of the war topic that the student is assigned to write on. In an essay on war, you should give certain aspects of wars such as what are the causes of the war, what are the after effects of the war, the destruction that the war has caused and the involvement of parties who are at the back of war. All the aspects of the war should be depicted in an essay on war, which will make it a strong essay. The format of an essay on war should be like that, that the writer must give the background of the war and should gradually move towards its impacts, the affected people and at the end; the havocs of war should be described. All types of essays on war such as essay on civil war, essay on Iraq war, essay on world war and essay on cold war and others should be written by following the same pattern that is described earlier. The essays on war should contain a full-fledged introduction in which you should introduce the war on which you are writing an essay on war. For writing a persuasive essay on war, all the aspects described above should be considered while writing an essay on war because by considering those aspects you will do a deep research in terms of that war. While writing a war essay, you should be neutral which means that you should not depict any kind of prejudice in your essay on the war. An unbiased essay on war will make your essay more persuasive and readable. In your essay on war, you can also indicate the harmfulness of wars that are fought. The countries who fight with one another keep the lives of their citizens on stake and then the citizens face the after effects of war so, your essay on war can also work as peace proposal for the countries who have fought earlier on or who are planning to do a war.

Capital Structure of Public Limited Companies Dissertation

Capital Structure of Public Limited Companies - Dissertation Example Table of Content Chapter 1: Introduction 5 Motivation 5 Aims and Objectives 5 Significance of the study 6 Research Questions 7 Research method and data 8 Research Structure 8 Chapter 2: Literature review 9 Global Financial Market 9 History 9 Evaluation of UK capital market 12 Causes of current financial crisis 13 Capital market 15 Source of finance 15 Current capital structure of FTSE 100 companies 16 Advantages and disadvantages of high leverage 19 Theories of capital market structure 20 Chapter 3: Methodology and data analysis 26 36 Chapter 4: Research Findings 36 Impact of Capital Structure on Agency Costs 36 Impact of recent global financial crisis on the capital structure of UK companies 37 Chapter 5: Conclusion 39 Reference 42 Bibliography 47 Financial times. European debt crisis shakes markets again. May 23, 2011. Retrieved from: http://www.kyivpost.com/content/business/european-debt-crisis-shakes-markets-again-105100.html 48 Chapter 1: Introduction Motivation Capital structur e of firms is developed based on many internal and external factors which have substantial influence on it. Financial Crisis or Liquidity Crisis in 2007 in global financial market has had a major impact on the firms’ financial status across the world. ... Financial crisis leads to dr4amatiacally decrease in stock price of the firms. So, equity structure of the firms also changed during this recession period. Capital structure is the major part of overall financial structure and policies of firms. Companies develop financial structure and policies based on major external financial condition of the market where they operate business. Though there is many empirical studies and research on capital structures but it hard to assess the impact of financial crisis on it. Therefore, it this study, capital structure theories and empirical studies are analysed to assess the extent of impact of financial crisis on capital structure and reason for the impact. Aims and Objectives The primary aim of the study is to evaluate the capital structure of firms in the UK before the global economic crisis in the years around 2007 and after the financial crisis in the years 2011 or 2012. In order to achieve the above mentioned aim of the study, the following objectives have been considered: Review theories on capital structure in order to determine how it might change during a period of prolonged recession and liquidity crisis. Compare and contrast the capital structure of public UK companies in 2007 and in 2011/2012.Evaluate the extent to which any changes in capital structure are due to the ongoing global crisis. Aim of this paper is a detailed evaluation of the capital structure of firms in United Kingdom. Capital structure of the firms in before financial crisis will be compared with current revised capital structures of the firms. For this purpose, reasons for financial crisis need to be analysed along with history of it to assess its impact in earlier. Theoretically aim of the paper is to

Project Scheduling for Effective Project Planning and Management Essay

Project Scheduling for Effective Project Planning and Management - Essay Example In fact the basic goal of any project management is to develop high quality engineering and technology products. In addition, the high quality project management practice of engineering products and technology can be a realistic activity that involves project management resources for each engineer, professional, experienced architecture and managers moving into management roles. Moreover, in order to ensure the high quality project development; project managers as well as their team members collectively perform an important role. Furthermore, project team members and their awareness of high quality management practices, organized project improvement, development and maintenance procedures, are able to decide corporate success of or failure (Rose, 2005; Kerzner, 2006). This part of the assignment presents a general discussion on project management and quality related concepts. This part discusses the importance of quality in project management along with other issues that can influenc e the quality of project management. These aspects can be related to cost, human resource or project requirements. In order to ensure the development of high quality processes there is need to follow some rules and regulations defined by different organizations. Nowadays there are a number of certifications and standards which are commonly implemented as consumers demand high quality management and controls. In this scenario, project managers need to be conscious about technology and quality standards like that those published through the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers), in addition to frequently developing practices, and standards developed by international standard organization (ISO) (Futrell et al., 2001; Young, 2013; Sower et al., 1999). While managing quality in engineering project management, engineering standards and quality goals are essential however not

Appalachian Culture and Health Awareness Essay Example for Free

Appalachian Culture and Health Awareness Essay According to Kruger et al. (2012), the Appalachian region, consisting of 13 states along the east coast border, is a high risk area for cardiac, pulmonary, and cancer conditions related to smoking and coal mining. This rural population has ultimately higher rates of heart disease, stroke, COPD, asthma, lung cancer, and diabetes. Substantially higher rates of smoking, as well as the relevance of coal mining, are two major contributors to the increased risk of morbidity and mortality amongst this large population (Kruger et al. , 2012). Insufficient education, poor behavior choices, and lack of adequate health care are major contributors to the overall unhealthy lifestyles of these individuals. Unfortunately, this begins at a young age. According to Short, Oza-Frank, and Conrey (2012), there are major differences regarding preconception health awareness amongst Appalachian women as compared to non-Appalachian women. Appalachian women have higher rates of smoking, diabetes, and obesity than do non-Appalachian women. These women have poorer rates of prenatal care and higher rates of birthing and congenital complications, such as pulmonary hypertension, insufficient lung development, and cardiac abnormalities. Often due to lack of insurance, these mothers often lack appropriate health care and health awareness, thus increasing their child’s risk of further cardiac and pulmonary conditions down the road. Unfortunately, these babies grow up in an environment that, as a population, has inadequate health care, low income, and poor health. This detrimental sequence of events is what has maintained the subpar health status of the Appalachian population (Short et al., 2012). As these children grow into their teens, poor behavioral choices further substantiate detrimental risk factors. A study by Pettigrew, Miller-Day, Krieger, and Hecht (2012), conducted research study of primary and secondary health prevention in Appalachian adolescents. According to this study, this population has higher rates of smoking, drinking, and drug use as compared to non-Appalachian adolescents. These risky behaviors are so prevalent because of lifestyles these children have grown to know; these behaviors are considered normal in many homes. As do their parents, many of these children lack insurance and health care (Pettigrew et al., 2012). Obesity and diabetes is also substantially high in the Appalachian population as compared to the rest of the nation as shown in a study by Wenrich, Brown, Wilson, and Lengerich (2012). The authors pinpoint Appalachia as a low-income group of individuals who receive poor nutrition, thus further contributing to the preexisting risk factors of cardiovascular disease. Poor health, along with behavioral risk factors, have ultimately led to detrimental health status. Yes, we love the STEELers, but steel mills and coal mining has only contributed to these health risks. The Appalachian culture is at risk for obvious reasons. Unfortunately, these risk factors will not decline quickly. Primary prevention and health awareness programs would make a huge impact on this population. Low income is a struggle that will not be overcome easily. However, primary prevention and health awareness are often available at low cost and are highly efficient measures of decreasing risk factors by focusing on healthy lifestyles. Smoking cessation would obviously be of major importance, but compliance would be of great struggle (Kruger et al., 2012). References Kruger, T., Howell, B., Haney, A., Davis, R., Fields, N., Schoenberg, N. (2012). Perceptions of smoking cessation programs in rural Appalachia. American Journal of Health Behavior, 36(3), 373-84. Pettigrew, J., Miller-Day, M., Krieger, J., Hecht, M. (2012). The rural content of illicit substance offers: a study of Appalachian rural adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Research, 27(4), 523-50. Short, V., Oza-Frank, R., Conrey, E. (2012). Preconception Health Indicators: A comparison between non-Appalachian and Appalachian women. Maternal Child Health Journal, 16(1), 238-49. Wenrich, T., Brown, J., Wilson, R., Lengerich, E. (2012). Impact of a community-based intervention on serving and intake of vegetables among low-income, rural Appalachian families. Journal of Nutrition Education Behavior, 44(1), 36-45.

Why Can’t We Be More Like Canada? :: Essays Papers

Why Can’t We Be More Like Canada? The National Rifle Association has gone too far in defending the right to bear arms because the safety of schools is in jeopardy. The tragic events that occurred at Columbine High School in early 1999 with the killing of 13, including 12 students and one teacher while wounding many more, put much greater focus and awareness on violence in schools. The upward trend of violence in schools beginning in the early 1990’s got national attention because of the shootings that took place just outside of Denver. The tragedy at Columbine seemed to be the last straw for anti-gun activists, politicians, the media, and parents of children in schools to take action to protect America’s young from death in a place where kids are supposed to be safe. The NRA is not stepping back from their fight to protect the second amendment, but changes need to be made to protect kids growing up in society today. School violence, especially school shootings, has kept pace in recent years since the Columbine shootings. According to the National School Safety and Security Services there have been 116 total deaths in the past 5 years that occurred in schools. Of the 116, 45 have been caused by shootings. Just within the past three months of this new school year, there have been 13 school shooting deaths (fig. 1 and 2). That is an average of nine deaths caused by guns per year for the last five years since Columbine startled society to this devastating problem. The obstacle is in front of all of American to have the incidents of shooting deaths in schools decrease to where they are non-existent. In the state of Colorado, where the world’s media attention was drawn due to Columbine and still is, they have some of the loosest guns laws in the nation. A fact sheet was released by the Violence Policy Center on the same day as the shooting at Columbine High School for some related background information. The press release shows that citizens of Colorado do not have licensing or registration requirements with firearm purchase or possession. There is no waiting period for the purchase of handguns, shotguns, or rifles. There are no age restrictions with the possession of rifles or shotguns, but no person under the age of 18 can have a handgun.

Useful Phrases for Structured Structured Monologue

Useful Phrases for Structured Structured Monologue M. Platonova â€Å"Materials for the Speaking Part of the Centralised Exam† Structuring When delivering a structured monologue, one of the ways to begin your presentation is to outline its structure, using one of the following phrases: I’ve divided my presentation/speech into three (main) parts. In my presentation/speech I’ll focus on three major issues. M. Platonova â€Å"Materials for the Speaking Part of the Centralised Exam† Effective Openings In order to grab the attention of the audience you may employ one of the following devices: Rhetorical questions;Interesting facts; Stories and scenarios; Problems to think about; Quotations. M. Platonova â€Å"Materials for the Speaking Part of the Centralised Exam† Rhetorical questions Is market research important for product development? Do we really need time management seminars? Interesting facts According to an article I read recently, †¦ Did yo u know that †¦ ? I’d like to share an amazing fact / figure with you. M. Platonova â€Å"Materials for the Speaking Part of the Centralised Exam† Stories and Scenarios Let me tell you what happened to me †¦ Suppose †¦ Imagine †¦ Problem Problem to think aboutSuppose you wanted to †¦ . How would you go about it? Imagine you had to †¦ . What would be your first step? M. Platonova â€Å"Materials for the Speaking Part of the Centralised Exam† Quoting a well-known person As †¦ once said, †¦ To quote a well-known writer, †¦ To To put it in the words of †¦ M. Platonova â€Å"Materials for the Speaking Part of the Centralised Exam† Introducing a Point When delivering the presentation on the particular subject it is relevant to introduce the key points. You may use one of the following phrases: First First of all I'd like to point out †¦ The main problem is †¦ The question of †¦Speaking of †¦ M . Platonova â€Å"Materials for the Speaking Part of the Centralised Exam† Enumeration of points If you are asked to provide several reasons, factors or arguments in a row, you have to organize them in the logical way. In order to structure your answer properly enumerate the main points using one of the suggested phrases: first first of all, I’d like to say †¦ in addition to that †¦ moreover, †¦ furthermore, †¦ another example of this is †¦ first, second, third †¦ Finally, †¦ M. Platonova â€Å"Materials for the Speaking Part of the Centralised Exam† Moving to the next pointThis leads directly to my next point. This brings us to the next question. Let’s now move on / turn to †¦ After examining this point, let’s turn to †¦ Let’s now take a look at †¦ M. Platonova â€Å"Materials for the Speaking Part of the Centralised Exam† Going back As I said / mentioned earlier, †¦ Let me come back to what I said before †¦ Let’s go back to what we were discussing earlier. As I’ve already explained, †¦ As I pointed out in the first section, †¦ M. Platonova â€Å"Materials for the Speaking Part of the Centralised Exam† Stating something as a fact Do not be afraid to state some information as a well-known act, if it is justified by the subject of discussion. However, you should be very careful when applying one of the following phrases: As As everyone knows †¦ It is generally accepted that †¦ There can be no doubt that †¦ It is a fact that †¦ Nobody will deny that †¦ Everyone knows that †¦ M. Platonova â€Å"Materials for the Speaking Part of the Centralised Exam† Giving Your Opinion There exist a variety of ways how to express your opinion when speaking English. The choice of an expression to be used in the particular situation depends on how strong your opinion is, i. e. how sure you are about a artic ular thing. M. Platonova „Materials for the Speaking Part of the Centralised Exam† Giving Your Opinion Neutrally I think†¦ I feel that†¦ In my opinion†¦ As As far as I'm concerned†¦ As I see it†¦ In my view I tend to think that†¦ From my point of view†¦ M. Platonova „Materials for the Speaking Part of the Centralised Exam† Giving a Strong Opinion I'm absolutely convinced that†¦ I'm sure that†¦ I strongly believe that†¦ I have no doubt that†¦ There is no doubt that †¦ I am absolutely certain that †¦ M. Platonova „Materials for the Speaking Part of the Centralised Exam† Expressing Uncertainty I definitely doubt if that †¦I am not sure that †¦ I am not certain that †¦ As far as I know †¦ It is very doubtful whether †¦ M. Platonova „Materials for the Speaking Part of the Centralised Exam† Giving reasons These standard phrases are useful in a variety o f situations, when you are asked to explain something providing additional information or giving the reasons. The reason for this is (that) †¦ I base my argument on †¦ I tell you all this because †¦ M. Platonova â€Å"Materials for the Speaking Part of the Centralised Exam† Rephrasing Expressions Sometimes we say things that other people don't understand, or we give the wrong impression.If you are asked to explain or clarify your idea, do not use the same expressions and/or phrases, try to reformulate it starting your answer using one of the following phrases: M. Platonova „Materials for the Speaking Part of the Centralised Exam† What I meant to say was†¦ Let me rephrase that†¦ Let me put this another way†¦ Perhaps Perhaps I'm not making myself clear†¦ The basic idea is†¦ One way of looking at it is†¦ Another way of looking at it is†¦ What I want to say is†¦ M. Platonova „Materials for the Speaking Part of the Centralised Exam† Indicating the end of your talk I’m now approaching / nearing the end of my resentation. Well, this brings me to the end of my presentation. That covers just about everything I wanted to say about †¦ As a final point, I’d like to †¦ Finally, I’d like to highlight one key issue. M. Platonova â€Å"Materials for the Speaking Part of the Centralised Exam† Drawing conclusions and sum-ming up The obvious conclusion is †¦ Last but not least †¦ The only alternative (left) is †¦ The The only possible solution/conclusion is †¦ In conclusion we can say that †¦ To cut a long story short, †¦ Just to give you the main points again, †¦ M. Platonova â€Å"Materials for the Speaking Part of the Centralised Exam†

My Experience At Evergreen Senior Living - 866 Words

Lee is a man who now lives at the Evergreen Senior Assisted Living Home. He has gone through many things in his life. He has fought in the Vietnam War, driven tanks, and jumped out of airplanes. He enjoys traveling and tell all who listen that he is scared of nothing. Lee is one of the elderly men I met during my job shadow. Job shadowing at Evergreen Senior Living was an amazing experience. This paper will include, what I observed during the job shadow, the future of this career, my impressions from the job, and how to prepare for this career. I visited Evergreen Senior Living in Chillicothe, IL for my job shadow. There, I followed Kylie Vinson, a Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA), and observed one of the many opportunities available to those wanting to work with the elderly population. Kylie’s job as a CNA is to make sure that the residents are as comfortable and as possible. I also followed, Jackie Russell, the Activities Director. She works with the residents to keep thei r brain and body stimulated and healthy. They both work in the dementia and alzheimer s, assisted living part of the facility called Legacy. Kylie and other CNAs are in charge of assisting the residents in many different things, such as getting ready for breakfast. After the residents are seated in the dining room they are the ones who serve the residents their food. If a resident falls, it is the CNAs’ responsibility to instruct the resident how to get up and back on their feet by themselves. AnyShow MoreRelatedEssay on My Struggles With Becoming a Writer773 Words   |  4 PagesUntil recently I hadnt decided who I was let alone what I wanted to do with my life, so during the summer when I started writing I wasnt expecting much more than having an outlet, and a way to pass time till I made new friends in the area. 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The Impact Of Network On The College Student - 884 Words

The impact of Network on the college student. With the advent of the era of information, network in the lives of college students plays a very important role, the network brings us a lot of convenienceï ¼Å'However, its negative effects become more and more cause our attention. To further investigate the influence of network for college students, I adopt the method of the questionnaire survey and online search. (my opinion) According to a survey (Basic situation investigation), some students can effectively control the Internet time and the main purpose is to collect learning materials online. There is a question (the question three is: What is the purpose of you access the Internet? 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There is no doubt that social networks revolutionizeRead MoreThe Emergence Of The Internet And Social Media1079 Words   |  5 PagesThe emergence of the Internet and social media has had a tremendous impact on the theory and practice of advertising, public relations and marketing disciplines. Advertising spending on the Internet has outpaced all other traditional media (Center for Media Research, 2004). In the last two years, the number of social networking tools and the number of people using those tools have exploded, thus the rules are constantly changing and there is considerable uncertainty on how to employ these tools fromRead MoreThe Effects Of Social Media On Our Society1559 Words   |  7 Pages We cannot deny that social media has taken over conventional media in the world today. We can easily see that they have impacts on our society. Since the introduction of social network sites years ago, to communicate with friends and family has been easy once you have access to internet.The definition of social media is the relationship that exist between network of people (Walter Riviera, 2004). In the last ten years, the online world has changed dramatically. Thanks to the ivention ofRead MoreThe Impact Of Social Media On Society Essay1006 Words   |  5 PagesThe impact of social networking in the twenty-first century is the game- changing phenomenon within communication in our society today. Internet usage has skyrocketed in the past few years, with the usage of social networks. In society today organizations, schools, universities, kids, teens and college students are surrounded by social media and are linked and updated through networks such as Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, Instagram, and Myspace just to mention a few. While social media is a greatRead MoreYouthful Indiscretions: Should Colleges Protect Social Network Users from Themselves and Others?989 Words   |  4 Pagesin favor of institutionalized involvement in social network protection in her article â€Å"Youthful Indiscretions: Should Colleges Protect Social Network Users from Themselves and Others?† (Fleming). Posted in the New England Journal of Higher Education, winter of 2008 issue, Fleming poses the question of responsibility in monitoring students’ online social networking activities. With a growing population of students registering on social networks like Facebook and MySpace, she introduces the concernRead MoreThe Social Media Platform College Students1385 Words   |  6 Pagesgeneration, and college students are at the epicenter. They are the called the â€Å"social mavensâ₠¬ (2.A) and â€Å"the founders of the social media movement† (2.A) who are constantly connected via online. Growing up as part of the new generation and seeing frequent changes in technology over the years, it has come to play a role in our daily lives. Being able to relate to such a topic, we wanted to look further into Millennials’ use of technology; specially relating to college-aged students and what social

Life Cycle Of The Electric Light - 1339 Words

As a society, we take for granted simple things like turning on a light switch. It is interesting to think of Thomas Edison visiting New York City or Las Vegas in today’s age, for him to stand in amazement at all the electric light we now have. Internationally, people are able to work longer and into the night with the help of light. Construction workers can work on highways at night to lessen the impact construction has on traffic. People can even drive at night and do errands that we did not have time for during daylight hours. All this is because of the light bulb. The light bulb has come a long way, from the fires of cavemen and early inventors, to fluorescent lights and now to the modern day LED light. The life cycle of the LED light†¦show more content†¦In 1879, Thomas Edison improved on Davy’s arc lamp. By putting the filament in an oxygen free environment, like a bulb, the light lasted much longer. In 1910, William David Coolidge invented the Tungsten filament light bulb (Invention of the Light Bulb). This brings the reader to modern day filament light bulbs that last much longer. Florescent lights use a glass tube filled with Argon gas and Mercury bulbs. When electricity is applied, it creates a plasma in the bulb, therefore creating light. This form of light is a lower temperature and uses less energy. For this reason, light bulbs are currently being phased out and are being replaced by fluorescent bulbs (How a Basic Fluorescent Lamp Works). Even fluorescent lights will soon become obsolete. This is because LEDs, or Light Emitting Diodes, are becoming better and better every day. LEDs work using a phenomenon called electroluminescence, which is the emission of light from a semi-conductor from an electric field influence (How LED Flashlights Are Designed). Two different forms of silicon are used as a semiconductor called N or P type. N-type silicon has extra electrons, and P-type has gaps that seek to have an electron. When an electric current is applied to the P-N junction, it makes the diode forward biased. The electrons go from the N-type to the P-type, which causes photons (particles of light) to be given off as the electrons move to the other side. LEDs produce less heat than any other light

Law and Information

Questions: Task 1: Law, ethics and professionalism Information Systems project failures may arise due to individuals and organisations failing to follow good practice. This in turn may be due to a lack of individual or collective professionalism in the IT industry. Find a copy of the British Computer Society Code of Conduct. Identify six professional responsibilities that a computer professional must discharge in their everyday working lives. You must present arguments explaining how the failure to fulfil each duty may well lead to IS project failure. Any organisation processing personal data is obliged to comply with the Data Protection Act. The present Act became law in 1998. In YOUR OWN WORDS summarise each of the eight principles of the Data Protection Act. The Disability Discrimination Act requires organizations to provide reasonable access to services and education for those with disabilities. How would you meet the requirements of this legislation? Focus on the various assistive technologies that are available. Identify six of these technologies and describe how they work. Your answer should be as full as possible and approximately between 1500-2000 words in length. You must cite all sources for the information you use, i.e. list ALL references Task 2: Data Flow Diagram A Data Flow Diagrams (DFD) is one type of schematic model, which can be used to reveal the processing requirements of the organisation. A DFD shows the flows of the data from users (externals) into the system, the flows of data within the system, the processing and storage of that data and the flows of information out of the system to the users. Read the following narrative description of a process performed by academics and administration in a university: For the process of setting an examination paper that students will sit at the end of a semester, a Lecturer will author and submit the first draft of the exam paper to the school office. This first draft is stored in a filing cabinet and a copy sent to the Internal Moderator, who may make a number of corrections or suggestions. This internally moderated copy of the first draft is sent back to the school office with an accompanying Internal Moderators Form. The school office keep a copy of this internally moderated exam paper in the filing cabinet and forward a copy to the Lecturer for the appropriate amendments to be made. Once the Lecturer has made these changes the revised exam paper is sent back to the school office, again filed away in the filing cabinet and a copy sent to the External Moderator. The External Moderator will look at this paper and send back to the school office formal comments. At the end of the semester students will take this examination paper. Each exam paper is graded and moderated. The Lecturer then begins the process of entering the grades into the school system, which is a spreadsheet. The lecturer enters the student number and the corresponding grade into the spreadsheet. These spreadsheets are stored by the school administration staff ready for them to be presented at the Exam Board. The Exam Board, having received the spreadsheets may make any required amendments. This revised spreadsheet, containing finalised student grades, is then taken back by the school administration staff and stored. The following day the school administration staff retrieve the spreadsheets, ready to begin the next process of entering the finalised student grades into the university system (MISIS). In this process the Student record is updated and the system presents the student with their final grade for the examination they sat. Using the Data Flow Diagram (DFD) notation, presented in Lecture 3, produce a DFD model of the narrative described above. You must also discuss what process modelling is and its function in the development of Information Systems. This discussion should be as full as possible and approximately 500 words. You must cite all sources for the information you use, i.e. list ALL references. These should be wide ranging, including Books, Journals and Websites. Task 3: Critical Success Factors in the IS Development Lifecycle Read the following case study, which outlines how one particular organisation assures that their IT projects are completed successfully and support the goals of the business: Bill Morris, the Managing Director (MD) of ATP Life Assurance, talks of the successful management of IT projects: We apply all of the analytical rigour and financial Return-On-Investment (ROI) tools against each of our IT projects as well as other business projects. The use of tools is very important, as well as risk analyses on every investment. The MD describes how the company monitors each IT project to measure its efficiency and effectiveness during the course of development and applies a red / yellow / green coding system to reflect the current health of a project. Senior line managers, the Managing Director and chief operating officer are all given a monthly report about the status of projects that are valued at more than 250K and those that deal with important strategic content. Also ATP Life Assurance makes use of an investment-tracking database for every IT project to monitor costs on a rolling basis. The approach gives the advantage of permitting the companys IT and business managers to quickly determine whether a project should be accelerated, delayed or cancelled and assists the finance organisation in forecasting requirements. Source: Adapted from OBrien and Marakas Avon Products and Guardian Life Insurance: Successful Management of IT Projects in Management Information Systems, McGraw-Hill International. What are the key ways that ATP Life Assurances assure that their IT projects are completed successfully and support the goals of the business? If you were the manager of a business unit at ATP Life Assurances, identify six more things you would like to see their IT groups do to assure the success of an IT project for your business unit? Task 4: Privacy On-Line From time to time, you will be asked to submit personal information about yourself (e.g. name and email address) in order to receive or use on-line services on a website. Most organisations (business corporations and government agencies) have a privacy policy that covers the organisations use of personal information that they collect when you use their website. Select three of your favourite websites and print out their privacy policies. List what they share in common? How do they differ? On the basis of what you have found out, from above, write your own website privacy policy. Answers: Task 1: Law, Ethics and professionalism 1.1 Introduction The contemporary times have witnessed that the information and communication technology has gradually become an extremely essential part of the everyday life of all individuals and the manner in which everyone reacts with the environment. Information systems are the most essential elements of Information and Technology that form our everyday routines and incorporate quality to the daily acts that we conduct. With each passing day new technologies are emerging and are also changing equally fast. These changes are not stagnant and are taking place all over the different countries (AntoÃÅ' n, 2003). Various research on this field revealed that the information technology or systems project failures are primarily due to the number of risks factors attached to it. Generally the statistics provide the general failure rate that can very evidently establish for the executives of business and information technology that there exists a failure in the IS projects that is not depending on the high or low of the information technology or the information systems projects (Khosrow-Pour, 2000). The primary objective of the research and study on this area of information technology and communications is to create awareness that can assist in reducing or resolving the failure of nay project by the use of proper and professional techniques. 1.2 Information system failures and their causes There have been a number of surveys conducted with the aim to provide appropriate information with regard to the failure of the Information system and Information technology projects. Most of these surveys have been conducted by IT Cortex. The recent surveys conducted for these information system failures are The Robins-Gioia survey conducted in 2001, the Conference Board survey conducted in 2001, the KPMG Canada survey conducted in 1997, Chaos report of 1995 and The OASIG survey of 1995. Some of the basic things that leads to information system failure that were common with regard to all the Cortex statistics are as follows: Firstly, there was more number of Information Technology projects that failed as compared to the successful projects. Secondly, the research further revealed that the percentage of projects that were successful was a mere twenty percent and finally the rate of failure in the case of Information Technology projects are much higher than the small and medium size projects (Broy, GruÃÅ'ˆnbauer and Hoare, 2007). The failure in information technology systems can be categorized under a few headings. The first type of failure is Correspondence failure. In this sort of failure the design objectives have not been met while the system had been developed. Hence people who need an information system would never accept such an information system that did not met the guidelines that has not been met. The second type of failure is process failure. These kinds of failure generally refers to the failure where the system has not been delivered in accordance to the time allocated for the system and the costs for the system is much more than the budget specified for the project (Wise and Debons, 1987). The third type of failure is called the expectation failure. In this type of system failure, the failure is primarily of the system failing to meet the needs of the stakeholders and their expectations and values. Scholars in this regard has stated that expectation failure is basically the disparity that arises between what the stakeholders are expecting from them and what is being actually delivered to them. And finally the fourth type of failure is interaction failure. The interaction failure deals with the use of the information system by the end users. It also depends on the implication as to whether the application was successful and worthy of the time given by the company. In case the system is not as much is required it would result in interaction failure. There are certain skills that are extremely essential for the professional in an information technology department. Primarily any professional in this field is required to have the required skills and knowledge in order to undertake the work on information technology with competency. Further a professional is required to be dedicated towards the area of work and it is essential that they remain in that sphere of work. Also a professional need to declare that he or she intends to be in this profession and finally the professional while making promises to the general public or to them must keep in mind that they need to keep those promises (Fortune and Peters, 2005). 1.3 The British Computer Society The British Computer Society can be defined as a chartered institute whose primary aim is to facilitate the information society. The objective is to promote broader economic as well as social progress by making advances in the field of information technology and science and practice (Bcs.org, 2015). The society aims to encompass the academicians, the different industries, the government and the practitioners so that they are able to share knowledge, make improvements in the area of computer education, encourage innovative thinking, figure out the public policies and also inform the public. This society is represented through the members and also the profession of Information Technology with regard to the different matters of significance, links with the other professional bodies. It also includes the government, the academicians, and the industries that would be able to commence and inform various debated with regard to the strategic issues in Information Technology (Bcs.org, 2015). The British Computer Society further tends to retain the relationships with a wide range of professionals and other governmental organizations. The society is ruled by the Royal Charter that this defines the objective of the Society which is to encourage the study and use of computing and to improve the knowledge and computer education for the advantage of the general public. It is the members of the Society that makes it possible for them to propagate and promote information technology at various levels. (Refer to Appendix 2) Some of the professional responsibilities that is given under the code of conduct of the British Computer Society are as follows: Firstly, with regard to the public interest professional are required to have full concern for the health and well being of the public, the privacy and security of the people and the environment and also they should not discriminate on the basis of caste, creed, ethnicity, race or sex. In case, this criterion is not met with it may lead to information system failure. For instance, there are chances of information system failure when the system does not correspond to the needs of the people as had been stated by the public. Secondly, the code of conduct specifically states that the professionals are required to take up that kind of work that is possible for them to do and that they are skilled in that particular area (bcs.org, 2015). Further they should never claim to have that sort of knowledge that they do not possess. In such cases where this code of conduct is not met, information system failure tends to increase. For instance, in case this standard is not met it might lead to interaction failure since for application to be successful it is essential that they know the work very well. Thirdly, the code of conduct of the British Computer Society states that it is essential to promote the advantages of Information Technology and also should help to promote the different sectors in the society so as to seek the opportunities that arise in this regard. This code of conduct is aimed for the promotion of Information Technology and this is extremely essential since it forms the root of the service and hence it needs to be well promoted by the professionals for their own benefits. Fourthly, the professional responsibilities needs to be carried out properly by the professionals with proper care and attention according to the needs and requirements of the appropriate authority and also at the same time they should be able to exercise their own professional judgment so that they are able to avoid any information system failure that might arise due to their own fault or wrongdoing. If the professionals do not carry out their work with proper care and attention the kind of failure that might arise is that there may be expectation failure where the stakeholders do not get the kind of work that they had expected from the information system. Fifthly, the code of conduct in the British Computer Society further states that the professional are not allowed to disclose any information that is confidential to any third party for their own personal advantage or gain. However, if such act is done with the permission of the appropriate authority or such act is given under the legislation then such act is permissible. This criterion is extremely essential in any professional conduct since in case such an act might lead to the information system failure. Finally, the code of conduct further mentions that it is the duty of the professional to accept it as a duty to sustain the reputation that the profession brings and not to indulge in any such act that might bring disrepute to the profession. It is essential that the professional rules and regulations are improved while developing or using the technology. It is extremely essential that the professionals conduct their work properly so as to bring in less information system failures. 1.4 Data Protection Act 1998 The Data Protection Act 1998 (DPA) of the United Kingdom including Great Britain and Northern Ireland is an Act of Parliament that deals with the process of data on the living people. It is a primary legislation that deals with the protection of data in the countries of United Kingdom. Primarily the Data Protection Act of 1998 comprises of eight important principles (Rowe, 2000). Firstly, personal data needs to be processed properly and legally until and unless one of the conditions given in Schedule 2 is considered and in cases where the personal data is sensitive one of the conditions of Schedule 3 should be maintained. The personal data that is obtained shall be only for the specific lawful purposes and such data should not be processed in any other way that is not compatible with those specified purposes (Carey, 1998). Further the act states that the personal data needs to be enough and appropriate with regard to the purposes for which it has been processed. The personal should also be accurate and regularly updated (Oppenheim, 2000). The data that has been processed for any purpose should not be kept longer than it is required for that particular purpose (Mullock and Leigh-Pollitt, 2000). For the rights of the people such data needs to be processed according to the rights given to data subjects. Proper technical measures needs to be taken against the illegal processing of data and any accidental loss or damage of the data. And finally personal data cannot be transferred outside the territory of European Economic Area (Wiewiorka, 2002). 1.5 Disability Discrimination Act The Disability Discrimination Act of 1995 was a civil rights law that is prevalent presently in Northern Ireland (Vellani, 2013). It regulates any kind of discrimination against the people relating to education, employment, transportation etc. The act provides a number of such technologies that would be useful for the disabled people. For instance, the act provides that information be displayed on the computer screen for the disabled people, or information be provide on the computer disc or email for the disabled people who are visually impaired (Doyle, 2008). Further disabled should be given job information that is accessible by such person like computer disc or Braille. It provides for adjustments made for taking tests by the disabled by giving them computer with voice recognition software for the purpose (Wright and Conley, 2011). Also trade organization can make probable adjustments by giving the disabled online applications for their use. Task 2: Data Flow Diagram: 2.1 Process modelling: Process modelling can be considered as an act of representing the relationship among all activities of a business (Cutshall, 2007).Process modelling is done to analyze the business activities. Karn, (2013) stated that process modelling can be used for finding the drawbacks in existing business process. It indicates that process modelling can improve the efficiency of business activities. 2.2 Defining DFD as hierarchal diagram: The process in business is composed of more than one sub processes. As the processes mentioned in dataflow diagram can be divided into several subtasks, the data flow diagram shows hierarchical nature. However the higher level processes can be considered as parent process. Gurses and Diaz (2013) stated that incoming and outgoing flow of data requires being shown while describing hierarchical data flow diagram. 2.3 Level 1 DFD: 2.4 Level 2 DFDs: Figure 2: Level 2 DFD 2.5 Relationship between ERD and DFDs: DFDs are used for showing the relationship among various parts of a process or entity. ERDs are used for showing the relationship among different entities within a process. DFDs are used for describing a system in detail (Cutshall, 2007). However ERDs are also used for analysing the nature of relationships among various processes. Task 3: Critical success factors for IS development life cycle As stated by Gurses and Diaz, (2013) critical success factors of the project are some specific areas which determine whether the project will be successfully completed or not. Cutshall (2007) opined that critical success factors can be considered as parameters for measuring performance of a project The analysis indicates that critical success factors can be considered as those areas which require being focused during execution of a project. Lack of focus in the areas of critical success factor may restrict an organization from getting desired result. 3.1 Identification of critical success factors for ATP life insurance: In Avon Insurance the management uses some tools for enhancing the effectiveness of IT projects. Analysis of the case study indicates that the organization uses red/yellow/green coding system to assess the current status of a project. The management also uses reporting systems to monitor the progress in project. As a project is executed by different teams within an organization, collaboration among the teams is important to complete the tasks successfully. In Avon the senior line managers managing director and chief operating officer all monitor the progress in project. Collaboration among the senior managers also enables the teams for co-operating with each other. The members of senior management team receives reports on the project status and they develop future strategies for completing the project on basis of the report. Top management of Avon Insurance focuses on completing the project within budget. The organization uses investment tracking database for completing the project i n cost effective manner. Use of Colour coding system: Gurses and Diaz, (2013)stated that the use of colour coding system not only provides senior management with the information regarding condition of the tasks, it is also beneficial to avoid issues. Karn, (2013) opined that use of red/yellow/green colour coding system enables the project team to understand whether any help from management is required or not. The coding system uses three colours. The colour red indicates that the project team needs external help in order to meet the objectives. Menachemi and Singh, (2012) stated that the red colour indicates that the project team has faced serious issues while executing their tasks. Red colour also indicates that the issues faced by project team cannot be solved by them. The colour yellow in coding system indicates that the project may not be completed within time or budget (Menachemi and Singh, 2012). The project can be executed efficiently due to use of colour coding system (Qatawneh, 2012). According to A seeva et al.,( 2012) use of colour coding system is not only beneficial for project team, it is also effective for management of the organisation also. Ardagna (2012) stated that use of colour coding system also provides the management with information regarding their action at different phases of project. If the status indicates red colour, the management require taking immediate actions to solve the issues faced by project team (Yousef Obeidat, 2012). Use of yellow colour indicates chances of delay in project execution. The management require informing the sponsors about delay or cost overrun. Green status in the coding system indicates that management may not require taking any action. As the management of Avon uses colour coding system, the managers can predict whether the execution of project will be interrupted due to presence of issues or not. Analysis on the colour coding system also indicates that use of it enables Avon management to take immediate actions in response of an issue. Reporting senior line manager: Members of the project team in Avon report regularly to the senior line manager regarding status of the project. VojtaÃÅ' sÃÅ'Å’ (2013) stated that the line managers play vital roles in panning and organizing the tasks in project. According to Vie (2015) line manager is also responsible for ensuring that none of the resources are being wasted while executing the project. It indicates reporting to line manager ensures that any incidence regarding delay in project or additional budget requirement can be predicted in advance. Rahman, (2012) opined that the line managers are responsible for maintaining collaboration among members of the project team. Reporting the status of project to the senior line manager enables Avon management to assess the performance of teams. Reports to the senior line manager also enable the management to identify whether the project team requires any training. As the project team of Avon provides the line manager with info rmation on progress in work , the management becomes able to understand the need of any resources for timely completion of the project. As the requirements of resources are identified, projects in Avon can be executed uninterruptedly. Reporting managing director: Reporting to the managing director is effective for assessing whether the project will be able to meet objectives of an organisation (Qatawneh, 2012). The managing directors also analyse the reports to evaluate the process of implementing company policies into project management techniques. The managing director also evaluates the performance of project team. Avon Insurance conducts different IT projects to increase efficiency of the business units. Reports to managing director enables the organisation to identify whether the goals of company will be achieved after completion of the project. Reporting Chief operational officer: According to Peffers et al.,(2012) reporting to Chief Operating Officer enables the management to identify the requirement of bringing changes in operational activities of the project team. Although the COOs deal with evaluating monitoring the operational activities of a team, reporting to the operational officer can be effective to decide the future strategies of project team. The discussion on the role of COO in project management indicates that reporting to COO in Avon enables the project team to understand need of changing existing strategies. As the operational activities are changed regularly, efficiency of team increases in Avon. Using monthly reports for strategy development: As the Avon management undertakes most of the IT projects for improving business performances, the management requires changing strategies regularly. Assessing the project activities is effective to predict whether the project will be able to meet business goals. However different members of the top management team are responsible for developing different business strategies. Reporting to the line manager enables the management to develop strategies regarding the requirement of additional resources. However, it is also effective to evaluate the functioning of project team. Reporting to the managing director of Avon enables the project team to implement the policies of an organisation into project activities. The strategies related with change management in project are developed by the chief operating officer in Avon. As the project team reports to the COO of Avon regularly, the team understands whether their activities are meeting organ isational objectives or not. Using investment tracking database: Analysis of the case study indicates that the management of Avon uses investment tracking database to assess the performance of projects. Nakahara and Sasaki (2013) stated that the effectiveness of a project depends on the amount of ROI (return on investment). As the management uses investment tracking database in the organisation, cost effectiveness of the project can be assessed easily. 3.2 Suggestion on additional methods: Although the existing project management system in Avon is effective to execute the activities effectively, the management can implement some additional practices into their current project management techniques. Menachemi and Singh (2012) opined that implementation of advanced project management system does not ensure that all the projects will be completed successfully. (sd) states that each IT project is unique. These projects cannot be completed successfully due to various reasons. The Avon management can analyse the causes of failure of unsuccessful projects to improve their performance. The management can also implement professional codes to assess the performance of each employee who are involved with the project. Task 4: Privacy On-line: Luo (2012) stated that online privacy can be considered as the security of personal data which are shared using internet. As the use of internet activities increased significantly , the number of issues related with privacy loss is increasing among the users. Often the internet users require sharing their personal information such as name, address contact number or bank details to conduct different activities over internet. However the platforms where these sensitive information are being share requires ensuring that confidentiality of such information will be maintained. In most of the cases e-commerce platforms or social networking sites uses some rules to ensure that the information regarding a person are not disclosed. Krishnamurthy (2013) opined that increasing number of internet crimes often lead to loss of privacy. Often the e-commerce and social networking sites show interest to store the personal information about customers. These sites may store the details regarding produc ts or services. However, these platforms require informing their customers about the information which will be stored by these platforms. Luo (2012)stated that publishing or sharing personal information without the consent of user may lead to breach of privacy policies. 4.1 Identification of three websites: Although privacy policies in different websites are used for keeping the data secured, some differences are observed among the privacy policies of government, private and NGO websites. Karn, (2013) stated that purpose of data collection by a website varies according to the nature of organisation. Differences in purpose of data collection lead to generation of different privacy policies (Gurses and Diaz, 2013). However Fuchs et al., (2012) stated that presence of some common policies is also observed among different websites. In this assignment, privacy policies of UK government website, Tesco website and international HIV/AIDS Alliance website are analysed to identify the similarities and differences among them. The website of UK government collects data regarding the IP address, name and e-mail address about the visitors for monitoring how visitors use websites. Data on the visitors are also collected for responding to the queries. Tesco, UK based retailer, uses cookies to collect data on the internet browsing activities of visitors. However, the organisation also provides information to the visitors on purpose of collecting information. However, information collected on the visitors is used by Tesco website not only for improving the functionality but also for personalizing the site. The information for managing cookies is also provided in the privacy policies of Tesco. Alliance an international NGO requires collecting data for serving people. However cookies are also used in the website of alliance. (Refer to Appendix) URLs of the selected websites are as follows: UK Government website privacy policies: https://www.gov.uk/help/privacy-policy Privacy policies for TESCO website: https://www.tesco.com/help/privacy-and-cookies/ Privacy Policies for Alliance Website: https://www.aidsalliance.org/about 4.2 Similarities between the websites: Discussion on the privacy policies of UK government, Tesco and Alliance website indicates that all these websites use some common privacy policies. Factors UK Government website Tesco Website Alliance Website Informing visitors about data collection Informs Informs Informs Informing about the type of data collection Informs Informs Informs Stating the purpose of collecting data Informs Informs Informs Information regarding the process of data collection Informs Informs Informs Information regarding the process of data sharing Informs Informs Informs Table 1: Similarities among the privacy policies of three websites Analysis on the privacy policies of three websites indicates that all the websites inform visitors about the data collection. Although the websites collect data for different purposes, visitors are also provided with information regarding the purpose of collecting. The decision of users for visiting a website can be influenced by data collection policies of that website (Faculty.stedwards.edu, 2015). It indicates that providing the information on data collection policies is important to maintain privacy of visitors. Foster (2012) opined that informing the visitors about type of collected data enables the websites to maintain transparency of the process. Analysis on the privacy polices of three websites indicates that all the organization focus on using transparent data collection process. According to Cutshall (2007) privacy policies of the websites require containing information on the policies for sharing data. Discussion on the privacy policies of UK Government website, Tesco Webs ite and Alliance website indicates that visitors of all these websites are informed whether their personal data will be shared or not. 4.3 Differences between privacy policies: As UK government website, Tesco website and Alliance website serves the visitors for different purpose, privacy policies of these websites are also different. Factors UK Government website Tesco Website Alliance Website Use of cookies Does not use cookies Uses Cookies Uses Cookies Information on the policies of managing cookies NA Provides information for managing cookies Does not provide any such information Information on storage of data Provides information on data storage process Does not provide any such information Does not provide any such information Guarantee on data security Ensures that individuals cannot be identified from collected data Ensures that data will be secured Does not provide any guarantee for maintaining security of data during transmission Table 2: Differences between privacy policies among three websites Discussion on the privacy policies of the three selected website reflects some major differences. Tesco being a commercial website uses cookies for tracking the internet activities of a visitor. However the website also contains information so that the visitors can manage cookies by changing browser settings. Alliance website also uses cookies but the visitors are not provided with any information regarding the management of cookies. Website of UK government is not used for conducting any marketing activities. Thus the website does not use cookies for tracking activities in the browser of a visitor. Website of UK government contains full information on data storage on server. In case of Tesco website, security of data is ensured and the users can restrict organisation from collecting personal data. However the website of Alliance does not provide any guarantee on data security during transmission. However the organisation ensures that full effort will be given to maintain security of stored data. 4.4 Reason for differences in privacy policies: Colantonio et al., (2012) opined that difference in the functionality of websites also leads to development of different privacy policies. UK Government does not require conducting any marketing activities. Thus the website does not require using cookies for tracking the visitors activities. Tesco uses cookies for conducting marketing activities while Alliance uses it to understand the requirements of their stakeholders in more efficient manner. As the website of Tesco is used for conducting commercial activities, visitors may not allow the organisation for using their information. Alliance operates in different countries and availability of advanced technology is not equal in those countries. Alliance does not provide any guarantee of maintaining data security during transmission. Data on the visitors of UK government website is required for conducting limited activities .Thus the chances of data security loss reduces. Secrecy of data is guaranteed UK government website. 4.5 Groups privacy policies: The website developed by our group will use cookies for collecting data about the visitors. However, visitors of the website will be informed about the data collection. Privacy policy of our website will also include information regarding type of collected data and purpose of collecting data. Security of the data collected in groups website will be maintained. The data will be protected according to the Data Protection Act. Loss of data security can result ethical issues. However such issues will be resolved by applying Ethical Normative principles. Colantonio et al., (2012) stated that use of ethical normative principles reduces the negative effects of ethical problems. Aseeva et al.,(2012)opined that cookies are text files which are used for tracking the browsing activities of a internet user. Content of the cookies can be read only by server. Generally the cookies contain information on the sites. According to Ardagna (2012) each cookie can be identified uniquely. However cookies can be deleted from computers or mobiles. Conclusion The study above provides a brief outlook of the laws governing information technology in the United Kingdom. It gives knowledge of the methods to tackle information system failures and the framework of the information laws that are necessary to regulate the laws of the country. Analysis on the process modelling indicates that use of process modelling is effective to understand the relationships between all processes within a business. Use of DFD provides detailed information regarding the data flow among processes whereas use of ERD provides information regarding the interactions among various processes. Discussion on the critical success factors of projects indicates those areas which require being focused during execution of a project. Last section of the assignment deals with online privacy policies. The discussion on online privacy polices indicates that the number of issues related with privacy loss is increasing among internet users. However the website developers can use diffe rent privacy policies according to the functionality of website. References AntoÃÅ' n, P. 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